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‘Comprehensive Strategy Needed For Hydropower Development’

  5 min 29 sec to read

Yasing Zhang,Senior Vice President of Sinohydro Resources Ltd, Yasing Zhang is the Senior Vice President of Sinohydro Resources Ltd, a Chinese multinational hydropower and infrastructure company. Zhang was in Kathmandu to attend the two-day Power Summit 2013. In a tete-e-tete with Sanjeev Sharma of The Corporate, he expresses his plan to tap hydropower potential in Nepal. 
 
Power Summit 
I think, the Power Summit 2013 organised by the Independent Power Producers Association of Nepal (IPPAN) has provided a platform for investors, policy makers and stakeholders to freely express their views and to discuss various topics regarding the hydropower sector. I believe that the discussions helped iron out major hassles prevailing in the sector. In this regard, the Power Summit 2013 has successfully achieved its goal to hasten the pace of hydropower development in Nepal.
 
FDI in the Hydropower
As an investor, we feel that there is an absence of preferential and privilege policies to attract foreign investment in Nepali hydropower projects. There are no incentives in terms of taxes for foreign investors. The tax burden created from provisions of contract tax and value added tax (VAT) is putting pressure on the developers. The absence of proper insurance policies pertaining to hydropower has also been hindering foreign investment. Investments in projects are always at risk in case of natural disaster or big technical failures if there are no proper insurance policies in place.
 
 It is necessary to formulate investment-friendly policies to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Thus, policy makers should harmonise existing laws.
 
Problems for Investors
Nepal has tremendous hydropower potential. But the country has yet to tap its potential due to several problems mostly linked to project licensing, technical issues as well as legal hurdles. I think the Nepal government should be ready to relax existing hassles on agreement and licensing to ensure timely service delivery. In Nepal, there is no procedure in accordance with international standards to issue Project Development Agreements (PDA), which slows the pace of project development and adversely affects the sentiment of developers. The initial survey licenses of various major projects are held by domestic/foreign developers for several years or even decades. Similarly, there are also issues regarding Power Purchase Agreements (PPA). The fluctuation in foreign exchange rate makes things difficult for power developers as they are more likely to face loss in selling the electricity they generate. These issues should be addressed first hand. 
 
There are several infrastructure-related constraints. Poor roads, lack of transmission lines, difficulties in conducting projects in remote areas and insufficient supply of construction materials and equipments are other problems in developing a project here.  Likewise, awarding a single river basin to many contractors is also adding complications. Some social and political influences such as frequent protests and strikes against particular projects and inadequacy of local skilled staffs are other contributing factors.
 
Solutions to the Existing Hassles
Effective policies are needed to solve all aforementioned problems. Developing common standards and procedures concerning hydropower investment will also have positive impact. A common standard and procedures should address issues regarding contract and licenses, company registration, bank account opening and control of foreign currency. Issues regarding the holding of initial license can be solved by cooperation with or transferring from the initial license holder. As far as PDA and PPA are concerned, the government should follow procedures in line with international standards. 
 
There is an exigency in preferential policy provision on hydropower investments. This includes duty exemption and tax reduction on raw materials, construction equipments, vehicles, and the income of power developers. Convenience on custom clearance and flexibility in work visa will also boost the morale of foreign investors. There are several issues regarding land acquisition by the projects. This issue could be solved by issuing instructive principles of land acquisition. Establishing a general administration on land acquisition and transfer capable of providing guiding land price in different regions and project areas will be the first right step. Secondly, simplifying the land acquisition and transfer procedure is also necessary.
 
One-stop service of hydropower development can deliver effective solutions. For that, the government should set-up a stable and comprehensive agency responsible for hydropower administration in Nepal.
 
Water Resource Management 
Hydropower development is directly linked to water resource management. If properly managed, the water resource of a single project can be used for various purposes. For this, Nepal needs to identify pilot projects. Those projects should be fairly large enough in terms of power generation. This will help focus efforts in hydropower development. Apart from electricity generation, such projects may also provide water for irrigation and drinking.
 
Sinohydro’s Plan 
Sinohydro Resources Limited is the overseas investment window of Power Construction Corporation of China (Power China). We have been in overseas investment business since 2004 with a registered capital of USD 400 million. We entered the Nepali market in 1995 and successfully accomplished six major hydropower, irrigation and infrastructure projects since then. The Ilam Hydroelectric Project, Modi Hydroelectric Project, Sikta Irrigation Project Phase 1, Sunsari-Morang Irrigation Project, and Bagmati Irrigation Project were handed over to the Nepal government after completion. Similarly, we upgraded the Tansen-Tamghas road project. Currently, Sinohydro is engaged in civil works of Kulekhani 3 and Upper Tamakoshi. Likewise, the 50MW Upper Marsyangdi ‘A’ hydropower project is being developed with our investment. 
 
Nepal should Take Advantages
Nowadays, trading of surplus power is becoming a lucrative trade in the world. Nepal can earn substantial amount of money from such trading. I suggest the government and concerned authorities to formulate a master plan of power consumption. The plan should assess domestic requirements and power for export. Similarly, the establishment of a nationwide transmission network is also necessary for electricity export. 

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